How is academic merit assessed in college applications?

I'm getting ready to apply to colleges and I've seen 'academic merit' mentioned a few times. Can someone explain how colleges assess academic merit? Is it purely based on GPA and test scores, or do other factors come into play? I'm trying to figure out how to present my academic strengths in my applications, so any insight into what colleges are really looking for would be super helpful!

Academic merit is indeed a vital part of your college application, but it's about more than just your GPA and test scores. Yes, those are major components as they provide a quantifiable measurement of your academic abilities. For example, Standardized test scores (SAT or ACT), if applicable to the schools you're applying to, are typically considered along with your GPA, however, these are viewed in the context of your overall high school experience.

Other factors that contribute to your academic merit include:

1. Rigor of Your High School Curriculum: Colleges look at the rigor of the classes you've taken in high school in the context of what is available at your school. They want to see that you've challenged yourself with honors, AP classes or IB if they're offered.

2. Grade Trend: An upward trend in grades can help show commitment and growth, suggesting that you've applied yourself and adapted as your high school years went on.

3. Course relevance: Courses that are relevant to your intended major or field of study can also demonstrate academic merit as they showcase your focus and dedication to your chosen academic path.

4. Class Rank: Depending on your school, your class rank may be a strong indicator of your academic standing among your peers.

5. Awards & Honors: Any academic awards or honors you've received also play a part in showcasing your academic merit.

While these elements are vital, the colleges are still looking at you as a whole person. Hence, your extracurricular activities, essays, letters of recommendation, and how you've used your time outside of the classroom also factor significantly into admission decisions. For instance, if you've been extensively involved in a few extracurriculars related to your field of interest (a "spike"), that can also demonstrate your commitment to your studies.

Overall, make sure to leverage these areas to highlight your academic strengths in your applications. In your essays, for example, discuss your passion for learning and any challenges you've overcome in your academic journey.