How can I prepare for entry into the Naval Academy?

I'm seriously considering applying to the Naval Academy and want to know what I need to do to improve my chances. What are the academic and physical requirements, and how important are recommendations?

The U.S. Naval Academy has a very selective admissions process and you're right to start planning ahead. Firstly, there are several critical criteria you need to meet to even qualify for admission.

Academically, applicants need a strong track record in mathematics and sciences, as the Naval Academy has a heavy focus on these areas. The Academy recommends that you complete four years of math (to include pre-calculus), four years of science (to include chemistry and physics), four years of English, and two years of a foreign language in high school. It would be helpful to also take Advanced Placement (AP) courses, if they're available at your school, as this will demonstrate your ability to handle a rigorous course load. However, keep in mind that your overall performance across all subjects matters too—not just in STEM classes.

For physical fitness, the Naval Academy uses the Candidate Fitness Assessment (CFA) as part of its application review. The CFA consists of six events: basketball throw, pull-ups or flexed-arm hang, shuttle run, sit-ups, push-ups, and a one-mile run. To prepare for this, consider joining your high school's athletic teams or participating in regular physical activities that build strength, endurance, and agility.

In terms of recommendations, the Academy requires you to obtain a nomination in order to even be considered for admission. These nominations typically come from a United States Senator or Representative, or from the Vice President. It's important to contact your local nominating sources early to meet their application deadlines. Interviews are also part of this nomination process, so good communication and leadership qualities are essential.

Apart from above, involvement in extracurricular activities is a plus, ideally in leadership roles or in areas that demonstrate service to others. Volunteering or participating in organizations such as NJROTC, Civil Air Patrol, Naval Sea Cadet Corps, Boy Scouts, Girl Scouts, or similar entities display one's commitment to civic duty.

Lastly, you should start the application process early, in the spring of your junior year of high school, through the Naval Academy's website.

While it's a challenging journey to become a midshipman, with preparation and dedication, you'll put yourself in a strong position to be a competitive applicant. Good luck!