What kind of work does a toxicologist do?

I'm interested in science careers, and I came across toxicology. What does a toxicologist do on a day-to-day basis? Are there certain skills or educational paths that are important for this career? How does this job impact public health or safety?

A toxicologist is a scientist who specializes in the study and analysis of the harmful effects of chemicals on organisms, especially humans. On a day-to-day basis, a toxicologist might conduct experiments, interpret data, do risk assessments, and share or publish their findings. This job involves understanding and sometimes predicting how various substances, from pharmaceutical drugs to pollutants, can affect living organisms and ecosystems.

Education-wise, pursuing a bachelor’s degree in a related field like biology, chemistry, or pre-med can provide a good foundation. Graduate study is often expected for many positions in this field, with many toxicologists holding a Ph.D., or a medical (M.D) or veterinary (D.V.M.) degree coupled with research experience. Coursework may include pharmacology, organic chemistry, biochemistry, mathematics and statistics, among many other areas in the sciences. Skills like strong analytical skills, problem-solving, critical thinking, and report writing are often important for toxicologists.

There are numerous ways in which the work of a toxicologist can impact public health and safety. For instance, toxicologists in the pharmaceutical industry evaluate drug safety and potential side effects. Those in environmental toxicology might analyze the impact of contaminants on wildlife and ecosystems. Toxicologists frequently contribute to regulations and guidelines around chemical usage, helping to ensure safety standards for everything from food, to consumer products, to workplaces. The work of toxicologists can be vital in preventing harm and mitigating risks to people and the environment. Their work is also central to tackling major public health issues and in the coming years, toxicologists will likely play a crucial role in addressing issues like environmental pollution and the safe development of new drugs and materials.