What job does a mathematician do in different fields?

I'm really into math and considering majoring in it for college. Can anyone explain what a mathematician does in real-world jobs? Are there specific industries where they are in high demand?

Mathematicians play a crucial role in various industries and their work can be quite varied depending on the field they choose to specialize in. Here are four notable areas where mathematicians are in high demand:

1. Data Analysis: Mathematicians in this field perform statistical analyses of data, creating models to predict economic trends, patterns, risks or other types of behaviors. Sectors heavily reliant on data analysis include finance, healthcare, marketing and technology companies.

2. Cryptography: Here, mathematicians create algorithms to secure data. They play a crucial role in sectors like the military, national security and cybersecurity firms where confidentiality and security of data is pivotal. They work on creating and analyzing encryption codes that protect sensitive information.

3. Operational Research: Mathematicians help businesses run more efficiently. They use mathematical modeling to help make decisions about optimization. This can involve logistics, scheduling, production processes, and more. Industries such as logistics, manufacturing, airlines, and even retail can greatly benefit from operational research.

4. Actuarial Science: Actuaries use mathematical and statistical models to assess financial risk in industries such as insurance and finance. Their work helps determine things like premium rates for insurance policies or managing risk in investment portfolios.

In addition, many mathematicians also work in academia, conducting high-level research and teaching at universities. This allows them to delve even deeper into the intricate world of mathematics, discovering new theories and applications.

Remember that a degree in mathematics doesn't limit you to these fields. The problem-solving and analytical skills developed during a math degree are highly transferable and are valued across many different industries.