Early action at Harvard: How often do they defer?

I’m applying to Harvard early action and trying to understand the likelihood of receiving a deferral. How often does this happen, and any tips on how to strengthen my application?

Historically, Harvard University has deferred a decent portion of its early action applicants to the regular decision round. In recent years, this rate has fluctuated around 60% to 70%. This means that many early action applicants don't receive a clear decision in December--an acceptance or a denial--but instead are deferred, or have their application moved to the regular decision round for a second review.

To reduce the chance of deferral, here are a few tips:

1. Stand Out Academically: Showcase your academic achievements effectively. Show that you've taken advantage of rigorous courses and produced strong grades. Remember that Harvard will use the Academic Index, a measure of your grades and test scores, to ensure you meet a basic academic cutoff.

2. Highlight Your Spike: Harvard favors applicants with a "spike," or a highly-developed specialty. If you excel in a specific area, make sure this comes across in your application. Demonstrate proof of your excellence such as awards, projects, or positions of leadership.

3. Write Compelling Essays: Your essays are the best place to show Harvard aspects of your personality and interests that aren't reflected in your grades or activities list. Write personal, authentic essays that highlight your values and story.

4. Get Strong Recommendation Letters: Recommendations can provide extra insight into your character, commitment, and talents. Ensure your recommenders know you well and can speak to your strengths and potential.

5. Apply Early: Applying Early Action does provide a slight boost to your chances, even controlling for the strength of your profile.

Remember, though, that Harvard is extraordinarily competitive. Even a great application may not guarantee admission. Just focus on making your application the best it can be.