What's involved in the process for applying to college?

I'm a high school junior starting to think more seriously about college applications. Can anyone walk me through the general process of applying to colleges? Is there a timeline I should be aware of for submitting applications and other materials?

Sure, I’d be happy to give you a general overview of the college application process! First off, it's great to see you taking the initiative as a junior - this is definitely the time to start thinking about these things.

1. Researching Schools: Many students begin this phase during their junior year. This consists of looking into different colleges, considering factors like their location, size, majors offered, campus culture, and academic competitiveness. Also, consider running the Net Price Calculators on schools' websites to estimate your expected family contribution. You might categorize your prospective colleges into reach, target, and safety schools based on your academic profile and the schools' average admitted student profile.

2. Testing: You'll likely be taking your SAT or ACT exams during your junior year, with the possibility of retakes in the Fall of your senior year. As of 2025-2026, some schools require these tests, while others have chosen to remain test-optional or even test-blind.

3. Letters of Recommendation: Many schools require one or two letters of recommendation, usually from your junior or senior year teachers. As a junior, you might start to consider which of your teachers know you best and could write you a favorable recommendation.

4. Essays: Most colleges will require at least one application essay. You'll typically start working on this in the summer before your senior year. The Common App has several prompts to choose from, and many schools have additional supplemental essays, which can range from a short paragraph to multiple essays. Avoid cliche topics and focus on demonstrating your unique experiences, your personality, and why you're interested in the school.

5. Application Submission: Deadlines for college applications can vary. There are a few different types of applications: Early Decision (binding), Early Action (non-binding), and Regular Decision. Applications for Early Decision/Early Action are often due in November/December of senior year, and Regular Decision deadlines typically fall in January.

6. Financial Aid: The Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA), which opens in December, is needed to apply for need-based financial aid. Another financial aid application that some schools require is the CSS Profile.

7. Decision Notifications: You'll usually hear back on your admissions decision in late March or early April if you apply Regular Decision. If you apply Early Decision or Early Action, you might hear back as early as December.

That's a pretty general timeline. It's always a good idea to research specifics for each school you're interested in, as application requirements can vary. Remember, the college application process requires a lot of different steps and timelines, so it's important to stay organized. Good luck with your process!